Тема: Загальні властивості утворення ступенів
порівняння прислівників та прикметників.
T.: Often, you'll want to compare things rather than just describe them.
Adjectives and adverbs have different forms to show degrees of comparison. We
even have a name for each of these forms of degree: positive, comparative, and
superlative. Let's meet the whole gang.
Positive degree: the base form of the adjective or adverb. It does not show comparison.
Comparative degree: the form an adjective or adverb takes to compare two things.
Superlative degree: the form an adjective or adverb takes to compare three or more things.
The following table shows the three
degrees of comparison with some sample adjectives and adverbs.
Comparative Levels of Adjectives and Adverbs
Part of Speech Positive Comparative Superlative
Adjective low lower lowest
Adjective big bigger biggest
Adjective fat fatter fattest
Adverb highly more highly most
highly
Adverb widely more widely most
widely
Adverb easily more easily most
easily
T.: As you can see from this
table, the comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives and adverbs are
formed differently. Here's how:
All adverbs that end in -ly form their comparative and superlative
degree with more and most.
quickly, more quickly, most quickly
slowly, more slowly, most slowly
Avoid using more or most when they sound
awkward, as in “more soon than I expected.” In general, use -er/-est with one-
and two-syllable modifiers.
fast, faster, fastest
high, higher, highest
When a word has three or more syllables, use
more and most to form the comparative and superlative degree.
beloved, more beloved, most beloved
detested, more detested, most detested
T.: Now that you know how to
form comparisons with adjectives and adverbs, follow these guidelines to make
these comparisons correct.
Use the comparative degree (-er
or more form) to compare two things.
Your memory is better than mine.
Donald Trump is more successful than Donald Duck, Don Ameche, or Don Ho.
Use the superlative form (-est or
most) to compare three or more things.
This is the largest room in the house.
This is the most awful meeting.
Never use -er and more or -est
and most together. One or the other will do the trick nicely.
No: This is the more heavier brother.
Yes: This is the heavier brother.
No: He is the most heaviest brother.
Yes: He is the heaviest brother.
T.: Of course, life can't be
that easy in the land of adjectives and adverbs. And so it isn't. A few
adjectives and adverbs don't follow these rules. They sneer at them, going
their own separate ways. Like errant congressmen, there's just no predicting
what these adjectives and adverbs will do next.
The following table shows
the most common irregular adjectives and adverbs. Tap the noggin and memorize
these forms.
Inconsiderate Adjectives and Adverbs
Positive Comparative Superlative
good better best
well better best
bad worse worst
badly worse worst
far farther farthest
far further furthest
late later later or latest
little (amount) less
least
many more most
much more most
some more most
2.Writing
T.: Now, let’s do some written tasks. Look
at your cards.
The first
task for you is to fill in each blank with the correct form of the word in
parentheses. (card #1)
The second
task is to fill in the correct forms of adverbs and adjectives. (card #2)
The third
task is to put in the adjective in bold from the first sentence into the second
sentence in its correct form (comparative or superlative). (card#3)
The last
task for you is to choose the right answer. (card #4)
Card #1
Fill in
each blank with the correct form of the word in parentheses.
(smart)
Johnny is the ______ of the twenty students.
(nice) Mary
is the ______ of the four directors.
(bright)
This new wallpaper is ______.
(smooth)
This board is ______ than the other one.
(long)
"This is the ______ song that I have ever heard," stated
Card #2
Fill in the correct forms of adverbs and
adjectives:
1.Sam's
idea sounds а (good) but I like Carol's idea even а(good).
2. Every
morning I get up 10 minutes а(early) than my sister.
3. What are
the а(dangerous) animals in Australia?
4. I can
run as а(fast) as my elder brother.
5. You
should buy the blue sweater. It suits you а(good) than the red one and I think
it fits а(perfect)
6. If you
worked а(careful), you would make а(few) mistakes.
7. Joy
Fielding writes the а(exciting) books I've ever read.
8. Caroline
is the а(pretty) dressed girl in this room.
9. Vienna
is the а(large) town in Austria.
10. Please,
speak а(clear), I а(hard) understand the instructions.
11. Bob ran
а(slow) than his classmates.
12. Jo is
the а(good) footballer in my team and he plays very а(fair).
Card #3
Put in the adjective in bold from the first
sentence into the second sentence in its correct form (comparative or
superlative).
1. This is
a nice cat. It's much than my friend's
cat.
2. Here is Emily. She's six years old. Her
brother is nine, so he is .
3. This is a difficult exercise. But the exercise
with an asterisk (*) is the exercise on
the worksheet.
4. He has an interesting hobby, but my sister has
the hobby in the world.
5. In the last holidays I read a good book, but
father gave me an even one last weekend.
6. School is boring, but homework is than school.
7. Skateboarding is a dangerous hobby. Bungee
jumping is than skateboarding.
8. This magazine is cheap, but that one is .
9. We live in a small house, but my grandparents'
house is even than ours.
10. Yesterday John told me a funny joke. This joke
was the joke I've ever heard.
Card #4
Choose the right answer
1. I am the
___ speaker in the class.
Better best bestest
2. Our
teacher writes very ___.
Best well good
3. Of all
the people I know, you study the ___.
Less least
leastest
4. We think
John is ___ than Bill.
Nervouser most nervous
more nervous
5. Who is
the ___ person you have ever spoken to?
most
intelligent intelligentest more intelligent
6. If I had
to choose between Greg and Dan, Dan is ___
the
funniest funnier funny
7. This is
___
Harder most harder
more harder
8. Of all
three of you, she swims ___
Better worse best
9. Who is
the ___ to succeed?
least
likely likely most like
10. Now I
understand English ___
Best the better much better
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